EQ: How did Rome change from being a KINGDOM, REPUBLIC, and then an EMPIRE?
Rome became an empire after Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus started the first triumvirate. It ruled Rome. In the second triumvirate, Octavian killed Antony and laid a foundation for a new system of government which is the Roman empire.
1. What was the problem between the rich and the poor?
The fish people owned large farms, ran the senate, and also held the most powerful government jobs. Enslaved people did most of the work and jobs were hard to find. They earned low wages and there was a widespread of anger.
2. Why did the army enter politics?
They felt loyal to the general and not the Republic. This gave individual generals a great deal of influence and good reason to become involved in politics.
3. How did Julius Caesar become famous?
He battled foreign tribes and invaded Britain. He also became a hero to Rome's lower classes. He held 5,000 loyal soldiers and marched into Italy by crossing the Rubicon. He drove Pompey's army out and destroyed his army in Greece.
4. What type of ruler was Julius Caesar?
He declared himself as dictator for life. To strengthen his power, he filled the senate with new members who were loyal to him. He also granted citizenship to people living in Rome's territories outside of Italy. He started new colonies to provide land and created work for jobless people. He also created a new calendar used today.
5. How did Rome become an empire?
Because of Caesar's death, it started a civil war. People were led by forces on one side and on the other was his grandnephew.
6. Who was Augustus?
Augustus was a dictator named Octavian because he wanted to change his title. He became known as Augustus Caesar.0
Summary
Rome went from a kingdom of republic to an empire all because of Pompey, Julius Caesar, and Crassus. These leaders started the first triumvirate. Their army became stronger and more loyal when they entered politics. Julius Caesar became popular when he declared himself as a dictator for life and filled the senate that were more loyal to him. He also offered jobs to jobless people and created a new calendar to them.